When the hot summer arrives, the owners must not only prevent their own heat stroke, but also pay attention to the “cooling and cooling†of pure electric buses. If car owners can do the summer maintenance of pure electric buses, they can not only prolong the life of vehicles, but also ensure the safe operation of vehicles.
The use of the vehicle operation precautions
1. When the pure electric bus starts, it should slowly increase the accelerator; lightly step on the accelerator and brake during driving. This kind of driving habits can reduce power consumption, increase comfort, and can slow down the rise of lithium battery temperature.
2. Lithium batteries for pure electric passenger cars are generally installed at the bottom of the vehicle. Therefore, vehicles should not be involved in deep water (within 200mm). The wading process should also be slowed down to prevent rain from splashing into high-voltage systems such as lithium batteries.
3. Parking during the rainy season Close the window door; avoid flushing against the grille when washing the vehicle. Pure electric buses have many electrical systems. If moisture enters, it will damage the electrical system.
4. Parking in the summer should avoid direct exposure to sunlight. In the case of solar exposure, the vehicle heat load increases dramatically. Battery, motor, air-conditioner and other equipment will have lower working efficiency due to increased temperature, and the service life will be shortened.
5. The motor cooling mode of a pure electric passenger car is water cooling. Before the operation of the vehicle, check whether the amount of antifreeze is sufficient. Supplemented antifreeze should also be designated special antifreeze.
6. All-electric air conditioners are used in pure electric buses. The temperature setting of the air conditioner should not be too low, and the running time should not be too long, so as to avoid excessive power consumption and thus affecting the mileage of the vehicle.
Charging precautions
1. When the electric vehicle is being charged, it should be parked at a designated position to confirm that the vehicle is out of flame, the key is removed, and the brake has been pulled up.
2. Place a warning sign “Charge danger not to approach†in a prominent position next to the charging vehicle.
3 Check whether the charging plug and the vehicle body socket type charger match.
4. In hot weather, chargers and accumulators should be checked for temperature.
5. If there is any abnormality in the charger, immediately stop the operation, find the cause, and strictly prohibit running.
6. It is forbidden for non-professionals to approach, freely touch the charging cable and plug, and operate the charging equipment to ensure the safety of electricity.
Lithium batteries and daily inspection of high and low pressure systems
1 box inspection:
1 Observe the surface of the cabinet to see if there is any obvious dust. If any, wipe it with a dry rag.
2 Observe whether there is obvious corrosion and deformation on the surface of the box; whether there is obvious deformation or damage to the box fixing bracket.
3 Use an insulated tool to check if the housing fixing bolts are loose and make sure that the bolts are tight.
4 Check whether the cooling fan of the cabinet is normal and whether the cold air input pipe is open.
2. Insulation detection:
Use gloves and insulation tester to check whether the box high pressure total positive/total negative insulation value is greater than 200M (1000V file); low cabinet
Is the insulation value of the 24V power supply wiring harness to the housing greater than 15M? (500V gear). If you are not satisfied, please report promptly.
3.BMS (battery management system) check:
Always check the voltage display is normal (2.8V ~ 4.0V range), the temperature display is normal (-20 °C ~ 60 °C range).
4. High voltage line inspection:
1 Use insulation tools to check whether the bolts in the series wiring harness between the cabinets are connected properly, without any looseness, rust, cracking, etc.
2 Use an insulation tool to detect and confirm the harness fastening without shaking.
3 Observe whether the copper wire is exposed on the insulation layer of the high voltage harness.
5. Low voltage harness inspection:
1 Use an insulation tool to check whether the 24V low voltage wiring harness and the communication harness are connected correctly. No looseness, back needle, or damage.
2 Insulation tools are used to detect and confirm the fastening of the wiring harness, without falling off or messy.
Daily inspection of the motor
1. Check if abnormal vibration occurs during operation of the motor and abnormal changes occur in the running sound.
2. Check if the temperature of the motor and motor controller is abnormal; whether the bolts are loosened; whether the lead wire sheath is worn or not; whether the installation environment changes significantly.
3. Check whether the tank has enough antifreeze, whether the cooling water pump or cooling fan is operating normally. Check that the water channel is open and clean regularly.
Thermal system (ATS) routine maintenance
1. Check the appearance of the radiator tank from time to time to observe whether there is any damage or leakage from the piping and the heat sink is free from lodging. If there is any leakage or need to be repaired, correct it.
2. There are dust accumulations or catkins, leaves, and other debris in the core of the heat exchanger. Use high-pressure gas to blow them off. Prevent the cooling tape from lodging. Do not flush with water.
3. Before the welding operation of the vehicle, the ECU must be disconnected and the welding operation must be completed.
4. The plug-ins used for the cooling system are all waterproof plug-ins. The ECU also has a certain waterproof and dustproof function, but it is not completely waterproof. Therefore, during routine maintenance or driving, it must be prevented from being flooded and a circuit short-circuit fault is caused.
Summer is a test for pure electric buses. If owners follow the above tips, they will be able to bring a cool feeling to the vehicle and provide passengers with a quality pure electric bus ride experience.
Sheet metal forming processes are those in which force is applied to a piece of sheet metal to modify its geometry rather than remove any material. The applied force stresses the metal beyond its yield strength, causing the material to plastically deform, but not to fail. By doing so, the sheet can be bent or stretched into a variety of complex shapes. Sheet metal forming processes include the following:
l Bending
l Roll forming
l Deep Drawing
l Stretch forming
Bending
Bending is a metal forming process in which a force is applied to a piece of sheet metal, causing it to bend at an angle and form the desired shape. A bending operation causes deformation along one axis, but a sequence of several different operations can be performed to create a complex part. Bent parts can be quite small, such as a bracket, such as a large enclosure or chassis.
V bending and Wipe bending
Roll forming
Roll forming, is a metal forming process in which sheet metal is progressively shaped through a series of bending operations. The process is performed on a roll forming line. Each station has a roller, referred to as a roller die, positioned on both sides of the sheet. The shape and size of the roller die may be unique to that station, or several identical roller dies may be used in different positions. The roller dies may be above and below the sheet, along the sides, at an angle, etc. the roller dies are lubricated to reduce friction between the die and the sheet, thus reducing the tool wear. Also, lubricant can allow for a higher production rate, which will also depend on the material thickness, number of roll stations, and radius of each bend. The roll forming line can also include other Sheet Metal Fabrication operations before or after the roll forming, such as punching or shearing.
Deep drawing
Deep drawing is a metal forming process in which sheet metal is stretched into the desired part shape. A tool pushes downward on the sheet metal, forcing it into a die cavity in the shape of the desired part. The tensile forces applied to the sheet cause it to plastically deform into a cup-shaped part. Deep drawn parts are characterized by a depth equal to more than half of the diameter of the part. These parts can have a variety of cross sections with straight, tapered, or even curved walls, but cylindrical or rectangular parts are most common. Deep drawing is most effective with ductile metals, such as aluminum, brass, copper, and mild steel. Examples of parts formed with deep drawing include automotive bodies and fuel tanks, cans, cups, kitchen sinks, and pots and pans
Stretch Forming
Stretch forming is a metal forming process in which a piece of sheet metal is stretched and bent simultaneously over a die in order to form large contoured parts. Stretch forming is performed on a stretch press, in which a piece of sheet metal is securely gripped along its edges by gripping jaws. The gripping jaws are each attached to a carriage that is pulled by pneumatic or hydraulic force to stretch the sheet. The tooling used in this process is a stretch form block, called a form die, which is a solid contoured piece against which the sheet metal will be pressed. The most common stretch presses are oriented vertically, in which the form die rests on a press table that can be raised into the sheet by a hydraulic ram. As the form die is driven into the sheet, which is gripped tightly at its edges, the tensile forces increase and the sheet plastically deforms into a new shape. Horizontal stretch presses mount the form die sideways on a stationary press table, while the gripping jaws pull the sheet horizontally around the form die
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